Parthenon at Illinois reimagines the role of 3D replication in expanding access to unique collections at the University of Illinois, empowering ongoing research across disciplines and supporting future authentic object-based learning activities. The project has three interrelated goals: 1) excavating the historical and archaeological significance of the cast collection and associated objects; 2) developing best practices for 3D scanning and 3D printing cultural heritage objects; and 3) analyzing the engagement of stakeholder communities beyond the University (including the Greek-American community in Chicago) with digital and physical replicas. Parthenon at Illinois will produce new digital and physical replicas of 15 historic plaster casts of the Parthenon friezes in the Spurlock Museum’s care. The project lays the foundations for ongoing international research partnerships with the Cyprus Institute and African cultural heritage institutions.