{"id":7623,"date":"2025-02-03T09:19:40","date_gmt":"2025-02-03T15:19:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/?p=7623"},"modified":"2025-02-03T16:07:10","modified_gmt":"2025-02-03T22:07:10","slug":"using-the-idnc-researching-black-newspapers-labor-and-business","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/blog\/using-the-idnc-researching-black-newspapers-labor-and-business\/","title":{"rendered":"Using the IDNC: Researching Black newspapers, labor, and business"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Black Press<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7624\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7624\" style=\"width: 351px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWorld_19490827_EditorDeath.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7624\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWorld_19490827_EditorDeath.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWorld_19490827_EditorDeath.png 2680w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWorld_19490827_EditorDeath-237x300.png 237w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWorld_19490827_EditorDeath-810x1024.png 810w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWorld_19490827_EditorDeath-768x971.png 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWorld_19490827_EditorDeath-1214x1536.png 1214w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWorld_19490827_EditorDeath-1619x2048.png 1619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7624\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Chicago World (Chicago, Ill.), August 27, 1949\u00a0<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In honor of Black History Month, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.library.illinois.edu\/illinoisnewspaperproject\/\">Illinois Newspaper Project<\/a> (INP) is using the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/\">Illinois Digital Newspaper Collection (IDNC)<\/a> to understand Black labor history (rights, unions, and movements) and Black-owned business in Illinois through historical newspapers. We&#8217;re highlighting the mastheads of (and people behind) Black newspapers as well as advertisements for Black-owned businesses found within newspapers. A special photograph issue (published December 5, 1943) of the Chicago Sunday Bee specifically highlights Willard S. Townsend, a Black labor leader and first African-American to hold office in a national union, and printed photographs of Black labor leaders present at a Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) meeting in Philadelphia.<\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Did you know that the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (IDNC) has a collection of <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=p&amp;p=collections&amp;cltn=BNC&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\">Black newspapers<\/a>? In order to preserve the cultural and print heritages of Black papers and their readers, the Illinois Digital Newspaper Project (IDNP) has centered past digitization projects around historical Black newspaper printed (primarily) in Illinois. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2><span data-contrast=\"none\">Black Newspapers Collection: Black owners, editors or publishers<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=p&amp;p=collections&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\">Black Newspapers Collection<\/a> collection includes newspapers that were owned by, operated by, or intended for Black readers and communities.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"> Titles in the Black Newspapers Collection focus on the 20th century, but range from 1897 (the only surviving issue of the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=RFT&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\">Chicago Reflector<\/a>) to 2003 (the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=LCN&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\">Lincolnian<\/a>). To read more about the history of any of these titles, click the links to view their newspaper title essays.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=TBA&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Broad Ax<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Chicago, Ill.) ||\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: August 31, 1895 &#8211; September 10, 1927 (1661 issues)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=CII&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Chicag<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=CII&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">o Illinois Idea<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Chicago, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: October 28, 1916 (1 issue &#8212; only surviving issue on record)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=RFT&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Chicago Reflector<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Chicago, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: October 16, 1897 (1 issue &#8212; only surviving issue on record)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=RFT&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Chicago Whip<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Chicago, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: June 24, 1919 &#8211; October 10, 1931 (177 issues)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=TFM&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Forum<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Springfield, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: February 3, 1906 &#8211; June 30, 1917 (395 issues)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=TFW&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Free West<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Chicago, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: December 1, 1853 &#8211; July 19, 1855 (77 issues)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=ISR&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Illinois Star<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Galesburg, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: July 4, 1935 &#8211; November 6, 1941 (6 issues)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=TIT&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Illinois Times<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Champaign, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: October 14, 1949 &#8211; September 20, 1963 (132 issues)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=MWG&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Metropolis Weekly Gazette<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Metropolis, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: July 21, 1911 &#8211; December 22, 1922 (426 issues)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"10\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=MPN&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Metropolitan News<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Chicago, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: May 7, 1935 &#8211; February 27, 1937 (12 issues)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"11\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=SCB&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Sunday Chicago Bee<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Chicago, Ill.) || <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digitized content: May 1, 1938 &#8211; October 20, 1946 (12 issues)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7700\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7700\" style=\"width: 1920px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BlackBusinesses-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7700 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BlackBusinesses-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BlackBusinesses-2.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BlackBusinesses-2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BlackBusinesses-2-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BlackBusinesses-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BlackBusinesses-2-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7700\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Collage featuring select mastheads from newspapers in the Black Newspapers Collection, available for research in the Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7749\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7749\" style=\"width: 331px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/MetropolitanNews_19360926.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7749\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/MetropolitanNews_19360926.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"331\" height=\"523\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/MetropolitanNews_19360926.png 453w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/MetropolitanNews_19360926-190x300.png 190w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7749\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Metropolitan News, September 26, 1936<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The image on the left is a clipping from the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=MPN&amp;e=-------en-20--21--txt-txIN-%22negro+newspaper%22---------\"><em>Metropolitan News<\/em><\/a>, a Black-owned newspaper published in Chicago, Illinois, from 1935-1938. The sketch is an advertisement for the newspaper as a means of &#8220;lighting the way&#8221; toward peace and equality.<\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The Black Newspapers Collection also includes the college newspaper, the<a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=LCN&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><em> Lincolnian<\/em><\/a> (continued as the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=LNN&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><em>Lincoln News<\/em><\/a>), from Lincoln University, an HBCU in Pennsylvania, as well as historical abolitionist newspapers, the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=WEC&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Western Citizen<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=GOL&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Genius of Liberty<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=GUE&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Genius of Universal Emancipation<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. For other newspapers with Black readership, check out the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=TRE&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><em>The Robbins Eagle<\/em><\/a>, published in Robbins, Illinois, a town popular with African Americans in the early 1900s.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Researching Black labor history<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7711\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7711\" style=\"width: 318px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_ComicLaborRace_19461013.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7711\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_ComicLaborRace_19461013.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"318\" height=\"396\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_ComicLaborRace_19461013.png 590w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_ComicLaborRace_19461013-241x300.png 241w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 318px) 100vw, 318px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7711\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Labor-related cartoon printed in the Chicago Sunday Bee, October 13, 1946<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Much of my keyword searching in the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/\">Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections<\/a> (IDNC) used words such as &#8220;labor&#8221; or &#8220;unions&#8221; AND &#8220;negro&#8221; or &#8220;colored&#8221; &#8212; keeping in mind that when researching historical material, using historical terminology generates better results.<\/p>\n<p>Because I wanted to focus on Black laborers and labor leaders, I kept my searches to the Black Newspapers Collections. I found articles about several unions and labor organizations with Black members and leaders, for example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>National Association of Negro Musicians<\/li>\n<li>Negro Publishers Association<\/li>\n<li>National Negro Press Association<\/li>\n<li>National Negro Insurance Association<\/li>\n<li>National Negro Business League<\/li>\n<li>Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters<\/li>\n<li>Bartenders and Waiters Union<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_7643\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7643\" style=\"width: 738px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BroadAx_19230721_NegroMusicians-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7643\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BroadAx_19230721_NegroMusicians-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Front page of The Broad Ax with headline, &quot;The Fifth Annual Convention of the National Association of Negro Musicians Under the Direction or Management of Prof. J. Wesley Jones. Promises to be the Greatest Gathering of Its Kind that Has Ever Assembled, in the United States.&quot;\" width=\"738\" height=\"999\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BroadAx_19230721_NegroMusicians-scaled.jpg 1891w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BroadAx_19230721_NegroMusicians-222x300.jpg 222w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BroadAx_19230721_NegroMusicians-757x1024.jpg 757w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BroadAx_19230721_NegroMusicians-768x1039.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BroadAx_19230721_NegroMusicians-1135x1536.jpg 1135w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/BroadAx_19230721_NegroMusicians-1513x2048.jpg 1513w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7643\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>The Broad Ax (Chicago, Ill.), July 21, 1923. Front page details achievements meeting of the National Association of Negro Musicians and prints a photo of director J. Wesley Jones. [Click image to enlarge.]<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>Although trade unions and labor organizations were typically progressive for their time, many did not prioritize&#8211;or even want&#8211;racial equality within the workforce. Because of this, Black laborers were not allowed membership into white labor organizations or unions. Organizations like the United Mine Workers were integrated earlier than other trade unions, but only after much advocacy from Black miners.<\/p>\n<p>By the late 1920s, Black labor leaders slowly gained momentum, creating their own labor organizations and securing allyship with progressive white labor leaders. There is a vast amount of IDNC articles detailing the racial inequality of labor history, and not just within the Black Newspapers Collection. Searching all of the IDNC will retrieve articles of varying views, depending on the publication. The below image is from the December 14, 1929, issue of the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=DW&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><em>Daily Worker<\/em><\/a>, a newspaper of the Communist Party USA. The <em>Daily Worker<\/em> published progressive articles about labor and racial equality within the labor force. Click the below image to read about mining unions, such as the United Mine Workers of America and the National Miners Union, which had a Black miner as its vice president.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/DailyWorker_19291214-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7728\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/DailyWorker_19291214-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1994\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/DailyWorker_19291214-scaled.jpg 1994w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/DailyWorker_19291214-234x300.jpg 234w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/DailyWorker_19291214-798x1024.jpg 798w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/DailyWorker_19291214-768x986.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/DailyWorker_19291214-1196x1536.jpg 1196w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/DailyWorker_19291214-1595x2048.jpg 1595w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1994px) 100vw, 1994px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayChicagoBee_19410504-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7645 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayChicagoBee_19410504-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"368\" height=\"465\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayChicagoBee_19410504-scaled.jpg 2024w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayChicagoBee_19410504-237x300.jpg 237w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayChicagoBee_19410504-810x1024.jpg 810w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayChicagoBee_19410504-768x971.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayChicagoBee_19410504-1214x1536.jpg 1214w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayChicagoBee_19410504-1619x2048.jpg 1619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><\/a>Moving on in my search, I found many articles about the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, given the Chicago locale of the Pullman Company and the rail system&#8217;s prominence in Chicago, Illinois. This front page of the May 4, 1941, issue of the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=SCB&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\">Sunday Chicago Bee<\/a> (Chicago, Ill.) announces the Supreme Court ending Jim Crow in the railroad industry. Other columns on the font page include a pay increase negotiated by the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and the Pullman Company, and an image of labor and civic leaders picketing &#8220;the Bauer and Black company in protest of discrimination in industries holding defense contracts.&#8221; Click the image to enlarge.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>IDNC SEARCH TIP:<\/strong> Using search facets, such as those on the left sidebar on the IDNC search page, makes your searching more manageable. You can facet your keywords searches to specific decades, years, counties, newspaper titles, or IDNC collections.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A special issue of the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=SCB&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><em>Chicago Sunday Bee<\/em><\/a> (Chicago, Ill.), published December 5, 1943, features a full-page cover image of Willard S. Townsend, &#8220;CIO&#8217;s Great Negro Leader.&#8221; The entire issue is dedicated to the CIO, and detailed, with photographs, the Sixth Constitutional Convention of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), held in Philadelphia from November 1-6, 1943.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-7687 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_UnitedPackinghouseWorkersofAmerica_19431205.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-7685 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_UnitedPackinghouseWorkersofAmerica_19431205.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1491\" height=\"703\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_UnitedPackinghouseWorkersofAmerica_19431205.jpg 1491w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_UnitedPackinghouseWorkersofAmerica_19431205-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_UnitedPackinghouseWorkersofAmerica_19431205-1024x483.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_UnitedPackinghouseWorkersofAmerica_19431205-768x362.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1491px) 100vw, 1491px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<p><em>Pictured above: Front page of the December 5, 1943, issue of the Sunday Chicago Bee (left), p.2 (right), excerpt from p.12 (bottom). To read the full pictorial issue, click <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=d&amp;d=SCB19431205-01.1.2\">here<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span data-contrast=\"none\">Black-owned Businesses\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/TheForum_19100716.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-7634\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/TheForum_19100716.png\" alt=\"Newspaper advertisement for Grady and Webster's Imperial Barber Shop, features text and portraits of each.\" width=\"398\" height=\"373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/TheForum_19100716.png 505w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/TheForum_19100716-300x282.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\" \/><\/a>While browsing issues in the Black Newspapers Collection, I made note of what types of advertisements were printed. Several were explicitly Black-owned businesses, but other ads were for businesses who supported racial equality and welcomed Black customers. Below, I&#8217;ve highlighted ads from Black-owned businesses in Champaign, Springfield, and Chicago, Illinois.<\/p>\n<p>The image on the left is a clipping of an advertisement for Grady and Webster&#8217;s Imperial Barber Shop, 821 E. Washington St., Springfield, Ill. published in the July 16, 1910 issue of <em><a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=TFM&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\">The Forum<\/a>,\u00a0<\/em>a Black newspaper published in Springfield, Illinois. The <em>Forum<\/em> was a weekly newspaper that printed from 1904-1927. While published in Springfield for the majority of its run, the <em>Forum<\/em> was published in Peoria between August 15, 1914 to July 1, 1916, then in both cities after August 15, 1914. Prior to 1917, the paper was published with Elmer Lee Rogers (1877-1957) as editor and manager. After the February 10, 1917 issue, activist Zedekiah (&#8220;Z.W.&#8221;) Mitchell (1867-1930) was named editor. Mitchell established the &#8220;Colored Social Center&#8221; in Springfield in 1918<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Champaign3Ads.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-7691 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Champaign3Ads.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1178\" height=\"334\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Champaign3Ads.png 1178w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Champaign3Ads-300x85.png 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Champaign3Ads-1024x290.png 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Champaign3Ads-768x218.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1178px) 100vw, 1178px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Featured above is a collage of advertisements from Black-owned businesses in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, all advertised in the<a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=DIL&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><em> Daily Illini<\/em><\/a>, the student-run newspaper of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. The featured advertisements are for Jordan&#8217;s Sanitary Barber Shop, 36 Main St., Champaign, from the January 24, 1917, issue; Shelton Laundry service (Urbana, Ill.), from the September 22, 1955 issue; and an advertisement for afro wigs from Johnson Distributing Company, 1411 West Eads, Urbana, from the January 4, 1970 issue. To read more about Shelton Laundry, visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/ccafricanamericanheritage.org\/trail-stop\/urbana-businesses\/\">Urbana Businesses<\/a> entry of the Champaign County African American Heritage Trail website.<\/p>\n<p>Undertaking (mortuary) businesses were fairly common in newspaper advertising, and ads for this businesses typically always featured a portrait of the business owner. Below are two advertisements I found from Black-owned undertaking companies. Ernest H. Williamson placed advertisements in several Chicago-area Black-owned newspapers. This clipping below is from the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=CII&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\"><em>Chicago Illinois Idea<\/em><\/a> (Chicago, Ill.) printed October 28, 1916. The advertisement for McCrary&#8217;s Undertaking, from Massac County in Southern Illinois, was printed in the <a href=\"https:\/\/idnc.library.illinois.edu\/?a=cl&amp;cl=CL1&amp;sp=MWG&amp;e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------\">Metropolis Weekly Gazette<\/a>, a Black-owned newspaper published in Metropolis, Illinois.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7718\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7718\" style=\"width: 890px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Mortuary.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7718 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Mortuary.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"890\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Mortuary.png 890w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Mortuary-300x113.png 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/Mortuary-768x289.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7718\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Left advertisement from the Chicago Illinois Idea (Chicago, Ill.), printed October 28, 1916. Right advertisement from the Metropolis Weekly Gazette (Metropolis, Ill.), printed November 4, 1921.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>I&#8217;ll end this blog post with a few more clippings of interest to Black-owned businesses:<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7640\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7640\" style=\"width: 509px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWhip_19191227.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7640 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWhip_19191227.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"509\" height=\"417\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWhip_19191227.png 509w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/ChicagoWhip_19191227-300x246.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 509px) 100vw, 509px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7640\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Chicago Whip (Chicago, Ill.), December 27, 1919<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7638\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7638\" style=\"width: 580px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_BusinessDirectory_19420301.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7638 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_BusinessDirectory_19420301.png\" alt=\"Business Directory listing 9 businesses in the Chicago area. &quot;These business houses have fair prices and good merchandise. Your trade with them will prove both thrift and satisfying.&quot; \" width=\"580\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_BusinessDirectory_19420301.png 580w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/01\/SundayBee_BusinessDirectory_19420301-300x277.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7638\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Sunday Chicago Bee (Chicago, Ill.), March 3, 1920<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7746\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7746\" style=\"width: 2026px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/ChicagoWorld_19490326_BlackBusinesses-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7746 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/ChicagoWorld_19490326_BlackBusinesses-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2026\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/ChicagoWorld_19490326_BlackBusinesses-scaled.jpg 2026w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/ChicagoWorld_19490326_BlackBusinesses-237x300.jpg 237w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/ChicagoWorld_19490326_BlackBusinesses-811x1024.jpg 811w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/ChicagoWorld_19490326_BlackBusinesses-768x970.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/ChicagoWorld_19490326_BlackBusinesses-1216x1536.jpg 1216w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/02\/ChicagoWorld_19490326_BlackBusinesses-1621x2048.jpg 1621w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2026px) 100vw, 2026px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7746\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Chicago World, March 26, 1949<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Black Press\u00a0 In honor of Black History Month, the Illinois Newspaper Project (INP) is using the Illinois Digital Newspaper Collection (IDNC) to understand Black labor history (rights, unions, and movements) and Black-owned business in Illinois through historical newspapers. We&#8217;re highlighting the mastheads of (and people behind) Black newspapers as well as advertisements for Black-owned [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":815,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[196,96],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7623","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-black-newspapers","category-idnc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/815"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7623"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7623\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7757,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7623\/revisions\/7757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7623"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/hpnl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}